不当得利法的希尔伯特问题

On the Hilbert's Problems in the Law of Unjust Enrichment

《民法典》首次系统规定不当得利法,寻求妥当的解释论成为当务之急。不当得利法体系庞杂,议题繁多。其基本问题包括:①不当得利与其他责任的关系;②不当得利类型论应遵循统一说抑或非统一说;③何谓“没有法律根据”;④因果关系作为不当得利构成要件的意义;获利应否返还;强迫得利该如何判定和评价;如何理解为履行道德义务进行的给付;如何理解明知无给付义务而进行的债务清偿;得利人的善意或恶意在不当得利法上的意义。破除对德国不当得利理论体系的迷信和盲从,立足我国实证法并结合比较法最新发展趋势对这些基本问题深入分析,将对不当得利法本土解释论的建构起到引领性的奠基作用。

The PRC Civil Code for the first time systematically provides for the law of unjust enrichment.The basic matters include:O the relationship between unjust enrichment and other liabilities;②the theory of types of unjust enrichment should follow either aunified or non-unified doctrine;③the meaning“without legal ground”;④the significance of causation as a constituent element of unjust enrichment;whether profits should be returned;G how to determine and evaluate imposed enrichmenti①how to understand a payment made in fulfillment of a moral obligation;S how to understand the settlement of debt that knowing there is no duty of performance;O the significance of the good faith and bad faith of the benefited people in the law of unjust enrichment.Analysis of these fundamental issues will playaleading and foundational role in constructing a local interpretation of unjust enrichment law in China.