后人类语境下《克拉拉与太阳》中主体性危机书写

The Writing of the Crisis of Subjectivity in Klara and the Sun in the Context of Post-humanism

《克拉拉与太阳》是石黑一雄的一部科幻作品,该作品以21世纪后期美国的某城市为背景,以近景想象维度中的科幻叙事范式,勾勒出一幅在生存危机和社会焦虑共同影响下,人类希望通过基因提升实现身体增强从而成为社会精英的后人类图景。石黑一雄通过书写后人类时代因人工智能与基因提升等技术造就的超人类、类人机器人等后人类主体所引发的人类主体性危机,意在表明虽然后人类时代中多元主体的混杂对人类主体性的消解已势不可挡,但在一个技术左右人类现实生活甚至思维的社会中,应当坚守人文主义的核心价值,从而维系人之所以为人的精神内核。

Klara and the Sun is one of Kazuo Ishiguro’s science fiction.Taking as the background an American city in the late 21st century and influenced by both existential crisis and social anxiety with the science fiction narrative paradigm of close-range imagination,this novel draws an outline of a post-human prospect in which man hopes to achieve his physical enhancement by lifting his genes so as to become social elites.Ishiguro intends to show that although the disintegration of human subjectivity based on anthropocentrism is inevitable due to the hybridization of multiple subjects by writing the crisis of human subjectivity in the post-human era caused by artificial intelligence and genetic enhancement technologies that have created superhumans,humanoid robots,and other post-human subjects.However,it is particularly important to stick to the core value of humanism in a society where technology shapes human reality and even thinking,thus maintaining the spiritual core of what makes people human.