生物源Fe(Ⅱ)的形成及其在污染控制中的应用

Formation of biogenic Fe(Ⅱ)and its application in pollution control

铁是地壳中含量第四高的元素,普遍存在于各种环境中,对绝大部分生命形式至关重要。生物源Fe(Ⅱ)是异化铁还原菌在细胞代谢过程中以Fe(Ⅲ)为电子受体所形成的,形成机制包括直接接触、电子穿梭体、螯合剂和纳米导线。微生物介导的异化铁还原是自然界中Fe(Ⅲ)还原的重要途径之一。研究表明,生物源Fe(Ⅱ)对N、P和S等营养物质的循环及污染物的迁移转化具有重要意义。着重介绍生物源Fe(Ⅱ)形成机制及其诱导下,次生Fe(Ⅱ)矿物的形成机理,并阐述其在各类营养元素、重金属的还原固定和有机污染物降解方面的研究现状,最后对其在实际应用中的前景进行展望,以期为生物源Fe(Ⅱ)对特定污染物在实际污染控制中的应用提供参考。

Iron,as the fourth highest element in the crust,is ubiquitous in various environments and is crucial to most forms of life.It is well-known that biogenic Fe(Ⅱ)can be formed by dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria with Fe(Ⅲ)as electron receptor in the process of cell metabolism.The formation mechanisms include direct contact,electron shuttles,chelating agents and nanowires.Microbial mediated dissimilatory iron reduction is one of the important way of Fe(Ⅲ)reduction in nature.Studies have shown that the biogenic Fe(Ⅱ)played an important role in the circulation of nutrients such as N,P and S and the transport and transformation of pollutants.This work focused on the formation mechanism of biogenic Fe(Ⅱ)and the secondary Fe(Ⅱ)minerals induced by biogenic Fe(Ⅱ),and expounded its research status in the reduction and fixation of various nutrient elements,heavy metals,and the degradation of organic pollutants.Finally,its practical application in future was prospected.This work expected to provide reference for the application of biogenic Fe(Ⅱ)to specific pollutants in practical pollution control.