在硫酸体系中表面改性和变质剂元素改性铝合金耐腐蚀性的研究进展

Research Progress on the Corrosion Resistance of Aluminum Alloys Treated by Surface Modification in Sulfuric Acid System and Added with Modifier Elements

综述了铝基合金在硫酸体系中表面改性和添加变质剂元素改性的研究进展。一方面,铝基合金通过在不同的硫酸体系包括纯硫酸、硫酸⁃酒石酸、硫酸⁃硼酸、硫酸⁃草酸、硫酸⁃有机酸中表面改性产生阳极氧化膜可以提高其耐腐蚀性。另一方面,通过在铝基合金中添加不同的变质剂元素,发现Mn、Mg、Re等元素对铝合金的耐腐蚀性有提高作用,Cu、Si、Sc、Ga、Zr等元素对铝合金的耐腐蚀性产生不利影响。提出铝基合金在硫酸溶液中的腐蚀规律主要以点蚀和微电池反应呈现,为铝合金能在湿法冶金行业中广泛应用以及向多元化合金发展提供参考。

In this paper,the research progress of aluminum⁃based alloys’surface modification in sulfuric acid system and modification by adding modifier elements were reviewed.On the one hand,the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy could be improved by surface modification in different sulfuric acid systems including pure sulfuric acid,sulfuric acid⁃tartaric acid,sulfuric acid⁃boric acid,sulfuric acid⁃oxalic acid,sulfuric acid⁃organic acid to produce an anodic oxidation film.On the other hand,by adding different modifier elements into aluminum⁃based alloys,it was found that Mn,Mg,Re elements could enhance the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy,while Cu,Si,Sc,Ga and Zr elements had an adverse effect on the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy.Besides,it was found that the corrosion laws of aluminum al⁃loy in sulfuric acid solution were mainly pitting corrosion and microcell reaction,which provided a reference for the extensive use of aluminum alloy in hydrometallurgical industry and also for the development of diversified alloys.