唐代音乐批评文本形式“乐判”试探

On “Yue Pan”, a Genre of Music Criticism Writing in the Tang Dynasty

文章以现代人音乐批评的视角,对唐代乐判史料作出全新角度的审视与解读。通过针对数十篇不同命题的乐判文本的分析解读后认为:“乐判”文体,乃盛唐时代诞生并盛行的一种实用文体。每个判题均涉及当时的社会音乐生活、国家礼仪秩序之要害问题。判文既可作为选士铨选之考核,又可作为施政决策之依据,还可作为文人雅士的赋闲赏玩。判由、判词在唐朝的国家法律、乐律乐仪、音乐伦理、审美批评等各方指标之间权衡判断、作出结论。故,唐朝的“乐判”均可以视为唐人音乐批评的重要历史文献。后人透过这些判文的解读,便可以把握唐代的音乐制度、音乐理论、批评观念等。

This paper examines and interprets dozens of sources of Yue Pan(a particular kind of essay about music written for imperial examinations in the Tang Dynasty) from the perspective of modern music criticism. Yue Pan, as a pragmatic literary genre born and prevalent in the heyday of the Tang Dynasty, deals with the most crucial issues in musical life, social order and decorum. Yue Pan can be regarded as a very important kind of literature on music criticism in the Tang Dynasty, from which we can gain a better knowledge of the system, theories, criticism of music in the Tang Dynasty.