基于有机硅表面活性剂的环保泡沫灭火剂的制备及灭火性能研究

Preparation of Environment-friendly Foam Extinguishing Agent Based on the Silicone Surfactant and Its Fire Extinguishing Performance

为了解决传统含氟泡沫灭火剂难以降解和存在生态危害性的难题,本工作研发了基于低毒环保有机硅表面活性剂的环保泡沫灭火剂。实验结果表明,该泡沫灭火剂为均一、稳定的溶液,凝固点为-10.5℃,pH值为8.2,发泡倍数为7.2,25%析液时间为4.0 min,表面张力为22.4 mN/m,铺展系数为正值。泡沫混合液的BOD_(5)/COD数值为0.37,具有良好的生物降解性和环境友好性以及优异的灭火能力,能成功快速扑灭55B和144B非水溶性易燃液体油盘火,灭火性能满足国家标准(IIA级别)。本研究可为高效环保泡沫灭火剂的研发奠定理论基础并提供实验依据。

In order to solve the problem of difficult degradation and ecological harm of traditional fluorinated foam extinguishing agents,this work deve-loped an environment-friendly foam extinguishing agent based on silicone surfactant with low toxicity and high surface activity.Results show that the foam extinguishing agent is a uniform and stable solution,with the freezing point of-10.5℃,pH of 8.2,expansion of 7.2,25%drai-nage time of 4.0 min,surface tension of 22.4 mN/m and positive spread coefficient.The BOD_(5)/COD value of the foam mixture is 0.37,which possesses good biodegradability and environmental friendliness.And it exhibits excellent fire extinguishing ability,which can successfully quickly extinguish 55B and 144B water-insoluble flammable liquid oil pan fire.The fire extinguishing performance meets the national standard(IIA level).The research results can lay a theoretical foundation and provide experimental data for the research and development of high-efficiency and environment-friendly foam fire extinguishing agent.