目标性集束化护理在预防ICU住院患者肺部感染的应用

Targeted cluster nursing in preventing lung infection of inpatients in ICU

目的 探讨目标性集束化护理预防重症监护室(ICU)患者肺部感染的应用效果,以及对医护人员相关业务水平的影响。方法 选取2017年7月至2019年7月在安徽中医药大学第三附属医院ICU的80例住院患者,采用简单随机分组分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。对照组采用常规护理干预,观察组采用目标性集束化护理干预及强化呼吸道管理;均持续干预至患者转出ICU或死亡。观察两组患者肺部感染及不良事件发生情况;记录两组患者肺部感染时间、ICU住院时间;评价两组护理质量;随机抽取参与目标性集束化护理的医护人员10名在开展前后进行业务水平考核,观察其业务水平变化。结果 观察组肺部感染及不良事件发生率分别为10.00%、7.50%,低于对照组的27.50%、25.00%(P<0.05);肺部感染时间及ICU住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.01);护理质量优于对照组(P<0.05);参与目标性集束化护理的医护人员理论知识及操作技能在开展后均有提高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 目标性集束化护理能更好提升ICU整体护理质量,降低患者肺部感染及不良事件发生率,缩短患者肺部感染时间和ICU住院时间。

Objective To explore the application of targeted cluster nursing in preventing lung infection of inpatients in intensive care unit(ICU).Methods A total of 80 ICU inpatients in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine from July 2017 to July 2019 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group(n=40,each).The routine nursing was given in control group,while targeted cluster nursing and strengthen respiratory tract management was performed in observation group.The continuous nursing intervention was conducted until the patients were discharged from ICU or died.The incidences of pulmonary infection and adverse events were observed.Lung infection time,ICU stay time and the nursing quality was recorded in two groups.Ten medical staff participating in targeted cluster nursing were randomly selected for professional skill assessment before and after the implementation to observe their professional development.Results The incidences of lung infection(10.00% vs 27.50%) and adverse events(7.50% vs 25.00%) in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The pulmonary infection time and the ICU stay time in observation group were statistically shorter than those in control group(P<0.01).The nursing quality in observation group was superior to that in control group(P<0.05).The theoretical nursing knowledge and operational skills were improved to some extent in 10 recruited nurses(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Targeted cluster nursing can improve the overall quality of care for ICU patients,shorten the time of lung infection and ICU stay and reduce the incidences of lung infection and adverse events.