表意性方法在三维流线可视化中的应用综述

A review of the application of illustrative methods in 3D streamline visualization

流线可视化是流场可视化的重要方法,其能直观地表达流场的结构和流动趋势。但在三维流场使用流线可视化时,不恰当地绘制方法、选择方法、呈现方式会导致可视化结果表达能力差,用户很难从中高效获取流动信息。重点对解决该类问题的表意性可视化方法进行了调研,为了全面反映表意性方法在三维流线可视化中的研究进展,对近十几年国内外具有代表性的论文进行了系统地阐述。首先介绍了表意性可视化方法的相关概念,然后将视觉感知增强类、可见性管理类和焦点+上下文等表意性方法在三维流线可视化中的应用进行分类阐述,并讨论了各种方法的优缺点。最后总结分析了表意性方法在三维流线可视化中面临的问题和挑战,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。

Streamline visualization is an important method of flow visualization.It can directly represent the structure and flow trend of the flow field.However,when streamline visualization is used in the three-dimensional flow field,inappropriate rendering methods,selection methods,and presentation methods will lead to poor expression ability of visual results,and it is difficult for users to efficiently obtain flow information.In order to fully reflect the research progress of illustrative methods in 3D streamline visualization,this paper systematically reviewed the representative papers at home and abroad over recent ten years ago.First,the related concepts of illustrative visualization methods were introduced,and then the applications of illustrative methods such as visual perception enhancement,visibility management,and focus+context in 3D streamline visualization were summarized and classified,and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed.The illustrative method of visual perception enhancement refers to that when perceiving the world,human beings make full use of all the visual information.Visibility management refers to the improvement of the overall visibility of data by reducing confusion and occlusion through such means as clustering and selective visualization,thus optimizing the visual space.Focus+context emphasizes which part is the area of special interest,that is,focus,and highlights it.For less important areas,namely,context,it is utilized to provide background.Focus+context technology highlights the characteristics of the data rather than the overall structure.Finally,the application of illustrative methods in 3D streamline visualization is summarized and analyzed.The problems and challenges in streamline visualization were presented,and future research directions were prospected.