法典化与法体系的内部构成

Codification and the Construction of Legal System

伴随着《民法典》通过,中国正在酝酿一场几乎涉及所有部门法的法典化运动,它们基本上遵循民法典的“法典=体系性+法律总则”的模式,并认为自己在体系性与法律总则两个方面并无困难。但如果仔细思考民法典的法典化理论,“法典=体系性+法律总则”的基本模式只是法典化的结果,而非该理论本身。如果注意到法典化与部门法划分之间的必然联系,并且法典化的最终根据在于“特定部门法具备价值上的完备性”,那么就只有部分的部门法才有法典化的可能;或者说,并非所有的部门法都能够被法典化。

With the enactment of the PRC Civil Code, China is brewing a codification movement involving almost all sectors of law, which basically follow the formula of “codification=the systematic nature of law+general parts of law” borrowed from the Civil Code. Moreover, it is generally believed that all sectors of law have no difficulty in following the formula. However, if we carefully consider the general theory of codification, the formula is only the result of that theory, rather than the theory itself. If we pay attention to the inevitable relationship between codification and division of laws, and to the fact that the ultimate basis of codification is that “specific sector of laws or special law have possessed the value-completeness”, then only can those laws be codified. In other words, not all laws can be codified.