2020年诺贝尔化学奖的再思考——归属争议与原创表彰

Rethinking on the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020: Attribution Dispute and Original Recognition

2020年诺贝尔化学奖授予两位女性科学家——埃马纽埃尔·卡彭蒂耶和詹妮弗·杜德纳。回顾CRISPR-Cas9技术的发展史,她们完整地说明了该技术的原理、作用,并开发出一种基因组编辑方法,符合诺贝尔奖奖励原创的要求,是争议最小的获奖者人选。专利和诺贝尔奖在维护发明者权益、促进科学的发展上都具有重要的作用,两者间的归属差异不影响非商业应用的学术研究,并客观上推动了原创研究的产出。进一步思考原创的概念,明确基础科学的定位,加强对创新人才的鼓励和支持,注重诺贝尔奖颁奖历史的梳理,也是本次诺贝尔奖给予我们的启示。

In 2020, the Nobel Prize in chemistry was awarded to two female scientists: Emmanuelle Marie Charpentier and Jennifer Anne Doudna. Reviewing the development history of CRISPR-Cas9 technology, they fully explained the principle and function of CRISPR-Cas9 technology, and developed a method for genome editing, which meets the requirements of original Nobel Prize Award. Charpentier and Doudna are the least controversial prize winner. Patents and Nobel Prizes play the same important roles in safeguarding the rights and interests of inventors and promoting the development of science. The ownership difference between them does not affect the academic research of non-commercial applications, and objectively promotes the output of original research. Further thinking about the concept of originality, making clear the positioning of basic science, strengthening the encouragement and support for innovative talents, and paying attention to the sorting out of the history of Nobel Prize awarding are also the major enlightenments of this Nobel Prize.