以患者需求为导向的多维度健康教育在老年肺癌化疗患者中的应用

The application of multi-dimensional health education based on patients'needs in elderly patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy

目的探讨以患者需求为导向的多维度健康教育在老年肺癌化疗患者中的应用效果。方法选取2020年2月—2022年3月在山东第一医科大学附属省立医院收治的67例老年肺癌化疗患者,按照随机数字表随机分为对照组34例和干预组33例,对照组进行常规护理,干预组在对照组基础上实施以患者需求为导向的多维度健康教育。护理3个月后,比较两组患者的未满足需求、情绪状况、生命质量的得分情况。结果护理3个月后,未满足需求方面,干预组SF-SUNS-C量表总分及信息维度、照护及延续性护理维度、沟通/心理/情绪维度低于对照组(P均<0.05);正负性情绪方面,干预组的正性情绪评分高于对照组,负性情绪评分低于对照组(P均<0.05);生命质量方面,干预组SF-36问卷总分及躯体疼痛、总体健康、社会功能、精神健康、情感职能、活力各维度得分高于对照组(P均<0.05)。对照组护理前后的未满足需求各维度得分及总分、正负性情绪、生命质量总分及各维度得分比较均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);干预组护理后的未满足需求总分以及信息、照护及延续性护理、沟通/心理/情绪得分均低于护理前,正性情绪评分高于护理前,负性情绪评分低于护理前,生命质量总分以及躯体疼痛、总体健康、社会功能、精神健康、情感职能、活力维度得分均高于护理前(P均<0.05)。结论以患者需求为导向的多维度健康教育有助于满足老年肺癌化疗患者的需求,缓解其不良情绪,改善其生活质量,值得推广。

Objective To explore the application of multi-dimensional health education based on patients'needs in elderly patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy.Methods A total of 67 elderly lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy patients treated in Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from February 2020 to March 2022 were selected and divided into control group(n=34)and intervention group(n=33).The control group received routine nursing care,while the intervention group implemented multi-dimensional health education based on the needs of patients on the basis of the control group.After 3 months,the scores of unmet needs,emotional state and quality of life of the two groups were compared before and after nursing.Results After 3 months of nursing,in terms of unmet needs,the total score of SF-SUNS-C scale,information dimension,care and continuing care dimension,and communication/psychology/emotion dimension in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05).In terms of positive and negative emotions,the score of positive emotion in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group,and the score of negative emotion was lower than that in the control group(all P<0.05).In terms of quality of life,the total score of SF-36 questionnaire and the dimensions of BP,GH,SF,MH,RE and VT in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05).In the control group,there was no significant difference in the total scores and the scores of each dimension of unmet needs,positive and negative emotions,and quality of life before and after nursing(all P>0.05).In the intervention group,the total score of unmet needs,information,care and continuity nursing,communication/psychology/emotion after nursing were lower than before nursing,the positive emotion score was higher than before nursing,the negative emotion score was lower than before nursing,and the total score of quality of life and the scores of physical pain,overall health,social function,mental health,emotional function and vitality dimensions were higher than before nursing(all P<0.05).Conclusion The multi-dimensional health education based on the needs of patients can help to meet the needs of elderly patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy,relieve their bad emotions and improve their quality of life,which is worth promoting.