呼吸道疾病患者相关健康知识及行为调查

Investigation on Health Knowledge and Behavior of Patients with Respiratory Diseases

目的了解呼吸道疾病患者相关健康素养的知晓及践行情况。方法于2020年4月—2021年10月,采用自制的调查问卷对954例呼吸道疾病患者进行调查。结果大学及以上学历的患者和城市患者的吸烟危害知晓程度较高(P<0.05),对劳累、熬夜危害的知晓程度也较高(P<0.05)。男性、大学以上学历患者及城市患者对适当锻炼益处的知晓率更高(P<0.05)。就诊前,大学及以上学历和城市患者的抗生素使用率较高(P<0.05)。在所有自行使用的患者中,不知晓抗生素使用依据的比例较高。测体温、戴口罩、检测血常规、发热患者的物理降温方法和院前治疗方案等基本常识的掌握程度较低。结论呼吸道疾病患者的相关健康素养知识和行为不一致,建议在提高健康素养知晓率的同时,关注落实情况。

Objective To understand the knowledge and practice of health literacy of patients with respiratory diseases.Methods This study was conducted from April 2020 to October 2021.A questionnaire was developed and information was collected through interviews among 954 patients with respiraty disease.Results The awareness of smoking hazards was higher among the patients with college degree or above and the urban patients(P<0.05).Patients with college education or above and urban patients had higher awareness of the hazards of tiredness and staying up late(P<0.05).Male patients,those with college education or above and urban patients had higher awareness of the benefits of proper exercise(P<0.05).Before treatment,the patients who use antibiotics with college education or above and urban patients was higher(P<0.05).Among all patients who use antibiotics by themselves,the proportion of patients who do not know the basis for the use of antibiotics is high.The basic knowledge of temperature measurement,mask wearing,blood routine examination,physical cooling methods for febrile patients and pre hospital treatment schemes is low.Conclusion The health literary knowledge and behavior of patients with respiratory diseases are inconsistent.It is suggested that attention should be paid to the implementation while improved the awareness rate of health literacy.