基于模糊数学的忻州金矿复垦土壤的重金属元素污染评价

Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution in Reclaimed Soil of Xinzhou Gold Mine Based on Fuzzy Mathematics

为了探究忻州地区金矿复垦土壤的质量状况,采集该试验区复垦3年后的土壤进行测试化验,分析Cd、As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn共7种重金属元素的含量,采用模糊数学综合评价法,选取重金属的毒理系数来确定评价的模糊权向量,对矿区的土壤环境污染状况进行评价。结果表明,大部分样点中重金属的含量都未超过国家规定的土壤质量一级标准,个别样点中重金属元素含量超过了二级和三级标准,其中Cr的平均值为182.54 mg·kg^(-1),超出了背景值的2倍,污染较严重;在模糊评价中,根据最大隶属度原则,有5个样点处于清洁状态,3个样点处于尚清洁状态,2个样点处于轻度污染状态,清洁率为50%,尚清洁率为80%。研究区的土壤存在一定程度的重金属污染,需要进一步治理修复。

In order to investigate the quality of reclaimed soil in Xinzhou gold mine,soil samples from the experimental area were collected and tested after three years of reclamation,the contents of Cd,As,Pb,Cr,Cu,Ni and Zn in 10 samples were analyzed.The Fuzzy Weight Vector was determined by using the toxicity coefficient of heavy metals in the comprehensive evaluation method of Fuzzy Mathematics,and the environmental pollution of soil in mining area is evaluated.The results showed that the contents of heavy metals in most samples did not exceed the first grade standard of soil quality stipulated by the state,and the contents of heavy metals in some samples exceeded the second and third grade standards.The average value of CR was 182.54 mg·kg^(-1),which was more than 2 times of the background value,the pollution was more serious.There were 5 samples in clean state,3 samples in clean state,2 samples in light pollution state,the cleaning rate was 50%and the remaining cleaning rate was 80%.There is a certain degree of heavy metal pollution in the soil of the study area,which needs further treatment and rehabilitation.