大国竞争背景下的中国战略性关键矿产资源安全思考

Security of China’s Strategic and Critical Minerals under Background of Great Power Competition

战略性关键矿产是对国家经济发展至关重要、对战略新兴产业不可或缺,同时又被打上地缘政治烙印的一类矿产资源。战略性关键矿产的种类因国家经济发展阶段、经济结构和全球化产业分工不同而呈现某些时空演变规律。特别是21世纪以来,伴随着信息技术、人工智能和可再生能源等战略新兴产业快速发展,战略性关键矿产内涵不断延伸并与产业链密切衔接,彰显了其重要地位和安全意义。中国、美国和欧盟战略性关键矿产种类高度重叠,美西方国家正在试图构建独立于中国之外的关键矿产供应链,因此中国需要制定相关战略并做出科学合理的应对。

Strategic and critical minerals are a type of resource that is essential to the country’s economic development,indispensable to strategic emerging industries,and closely related to geopolitics.The types of strategic and critical minerals show some laws of spatial-temporal evolution due to the different stages of national economic development,economic structure and global industrial division of labor.Especially since the new century,with the rapid development of strategic emerging industries such as information technology,artificial intelligence and renewable energy,the connotation of strategic critical minerals has been continuously extended and closely connected with the industrial chain,highlighting its important position and security significance.China,the United States and the European Union have a high degree of overlap in the types of strategic critical minerals,and the United States and other Western countries are trying to build a critical mineral supply chain independent of China.Hence,it requires China to formulate relevant strategies and make scientific and reasonable responses.