基于授权理论的自我管理对痔疮患者自护能力、生活质量及复发率的影响

Influences of self-management based on empowerment theory on self-care ability,quality of life and recurrence rate in patients with hemorrhoids

目的分析基于授权理论的自我管理对痔疮患者自护能力、生活质量及复发率的影响。方法选取2019年3月至2020年5月本院收治的140例痔疮手术患者作为研究对象,按照入院时间分为对照组(2019年3至12月,常规护理)和观察组(2020年1至5月,基于授权理论的自我管理护理),每组70例。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预后,观察组的病程、疾病后果、治疗控制、个人控制、疾病元认知、反复性及情绪表征评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的自我概念、自护技能、自护责任感、健康知识评分及总分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的肛门疼痛、便血、脱出评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后6个月,观察组的复发率低于对照组,世界卫生组织生存质量量表(WHOQOL-100)评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于授权理论的自我管理在痔疮手术患者中的应用效果显著,可改善患者的疾病认知度、自护能力、生活质量,降低复发率,值得临床推广和应用。

Objective To analyze the influences of self-management based on empowerment theory on self-care ability,quality of life and recurrence rate in patients with hemorrhoids.Methods A total of 140 patients with hemorrhoids surgery admitted in our hospital from March 2019 to May 2020 were selected as the research objects,and the patients were divided into control group(from March to December 2019,routine nursing)and observation group(from January to May 2020,self-management nursing based on empowerment theory)according to the admission time,with 70 cases in each group.The intervention effects of the two groups were compared.Results After intervention,the scores of course of disease,disease consequence,treatment control,personal control,disease metacognition,repeatability and emotional representation in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of self-concept,self-care skills,self-care responsibility,health knowledge and total score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of anal pain,bloody stool and prolapse in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Six months after intervention,the recurrence rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the score of World Health Organization Quality of Life-100(WHOQOL-100)was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Self-management based on empowerment theory in hemorrhoid surgery patients has a significant application effect,it can improve patients'disease awareness,self-care ability,quality of life,and reduce the recurrence rate,which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.