论“缓和医疗”的人格权理论基础和制度构建——兼析“缓和医疗”中的患者权利和医生义务

On the Theoretical Basis of Personality Right and System Construction of Palliative Care——Also on Patients'Rights and Doctors'Obligations in Palliative Care

“缓和医疗”因其特有的人格权保障功能,涉及患者的人格尊严、生命自主等主体价值,越来越受到我国民间和政府的重视,但其理论基础尚在探索之中,其实施中之医患双方的权利义务关系也不清晰,故其发展受到了一定限制。本文探讨“缓和医疗”的人格权理论基础,结合我国在相关医疗试点中的经验来厘清其中的医患双方权利义务关系,提出该医疗的制度设计建议,以助推其深入实施和2030年“健康中国”战略的实现。

"Palliative care"has been paid more and more attention by Chinese folk and government because of its unique function of protecting personality right,involving the patient's dignity,life autonomy and other subject val⁃ues.However,its theoretical basis is still under exploration,and the relationship between the rights and obligations of doctors and patients in its implementation is not clear,so its development is limited to a certain extent.This paper discusses the theoretical basis of the personality right of"palliative care",clarifies the relationship between the rights and obligations of doctors and patients in combination with China's experiences in the relevant medical pilot,and puts forward suggestions on the system design of this medical treatment,in order to boost its in-depth implemen⁃tation and the realization of"healthy China"strategy in 2030.