山西省地下水2016-2020年水质变化趋势及污染因子分析

Analysis of Groundwater Quality Change Trend and Pollution Factors in Shanxi Province from 2016 to 2020

2016-2020年,通过调查和研究山西省1139个地下水监测点位的水质,获取各点位水质超标因子及超标倍数、水质类别评价结果等,以国标为基准,采用地下水质量单项组分评价法和地下水质量综合评价法对山西省地下水进行水质分析和评价。研究结果表明:各监测点位中I~III类水比例<75%,V类水比例<20%,山西省总体地下水质属于轻度污染状态;山西省地下水污染主要发生在浅层孔隙水,中深层的岩溶水和裂隙水受到的影响较小;氟化物对山西省的地下水质有较大影响,随时间变化氨氮对地下水质的影响逐渐下降,硫酸根离子对山西省水质的影响由南到北呈递减趋势,氯离子是造成孔隙水污染的主要因子,总硬度、溶解性总固体和硫酸根离子对岩溶水污染的影响较大。

From 2016 to 2020,the water quality of 1139 groundwater monitoring points in Shanxi Province was investigated and studied to examine the water quality exceeding standard factors and times,water quality category evaluation results,etc.Based on the national standard,the groundwater quality of Shanxi Province was analyzed and evaluated by using the single component evaluation method and the comprehensive evaluation method of groundwater quality.The research results showed that the proportion of I-III water in each monitoring point was less than 75%,and the proportion of V water was less than 20%.The overall groundwater quality in Shanxi Province was in a state of mild pollution;the groundwater pollution in Shanxi Province mainly occurs in shallow pore water.The karst water and fissure water in the middle and deep layers are less affected.Fluoride has a greater impact on the groundwater quality in Shanxi Province,and the impact of ammonia nitrogen on groundwater quality gradually decreased with time.It showed a decreasing trend from south to north,and chloride ion was the main factor causing pore water pollution.Total hardness,total dissolved solids and sulfate ions have a greater impact on karst water pollution.