早期神经肌肉电刺激治疗对产后腹直肌分离患者临床效果及生活质量的影响

Effects of Early Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation in Postpartum Patients with Rectus Abdominis Muscle Separation on Clinical Efficacy and Quality of Life

目的分析早期神经肌肉电刺激治疗对产后腹直肌分离患者临床效果及生活质量的影响。方法收集2018年6月-2021年6月收治的产后腹直肌分离186例,按治疗方案不同分为观察组105例(使用神经肌肉电刺激治疗)和对照组81例(给予常规治疗)。治疗后1个月评估2组临床疗效,比较2组治疗前后腹直肌距离、腹围恢复情况、背部疼痛改善情况和生活质量,以及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组治疗后有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后2组腹直肌距离及脐围、脐上围、脐下围均明显缩小,且观察组均小于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。治疗后15 d、1个月2组背部疼痛视觉模拟评分法评分均降低,且观察组明显低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。治疗后2组健康状况调查问卷4个项目评分均升高,且观察组均高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。2组治疗期间均未出现不良反应。结论产后腹直肌分离患者早期行神经肌肉电刺激治疗效果肯定,可促进腹直肌功能恢复,缓解背部疼痛,提升生活质量。

Objective To analyze the effect of early neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES)on the clinical effect and quality of life of postpartum patients with rectus abdominis muscle separation.Methods A total of 186 postpartum patients with rectus abdominis muscle separation admitted to our hospital from June 2018 to June 2021 were collected and divided into observation group(n=105,treated with neuromuscular electrical stimulation)and control group(n=81,treated with conventional treatment)according to different treatment regimens.At one month after treatment,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated.The distance of rectus abdominis muscle,the recovery of abdominal circumference,the improvement of back pain before and after treatment,quality of life,and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The effective rate of observation group was higher than that of control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the distance of rectus abdominis muscle,umbilical circumference,supraumbilical circumference and infraumbilical circumference of the two groups were significantly reduced,which was smaller in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).At 15 d and one month after treatment,the visual analogue scale(VAS)score of back pain in the two groups decreased,which was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).After treatment,the scores of four items of health status questionnaire in the two groups were increased,which were higher in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).There were no adverse reactions in the two groups during treatment.Conclusion Early NMES is effective in the treatment of postpartum patients with rectus abdominis muscle separation,which can promote the recovery of rectus abdominis muscle function,relieve back pain and improve the quality of life.