5个梨授粉品种与‘玉露香梨’授粉效应比较研究

Comparative Study on Pollination Effects of Five Pear Varieties for‘Yulu Xiangli’Pear

为提高‘玉露香梨’果实品质和脱萼率,筛选出适宜的授粉品种,选用‘黄冠梨’、‘雪青’、‘翠玉’、‘早酥’、‘苹果梨’5个梨品种为授粉品种,以生长健壮、盛果期‘玉露香梨’为母本进行人工授粉,测定不同授粉组合的坐果率、果实内外在品质等主要指标。结果表明,‘黄冠梨’授粉坐果率最高,果形指数最小,果实偏斜度小,果形端正,果个大,可溶性固形物高,果实内外品质显著优于其他授粉品种。综合考虑认为,‘黄冠梨’是景泰地区‘玉露香梨’最适宜的授粉品种。

To improve the fruit quality and the calyx-abscission rate of‘Yulu Xiangli’pear,screen out suitable pollination varieties,‘Huangguan’,‘Xueqing’,‘Cuiyu’,‘Zaosu’and‘Pingguoli’were selected as pollination varieties,the main indexes such as fruit-setting rate,and fruit internal and external qualities of different pollination combinations were measured by artificial pollination with the healthy growing and fruiting‘Yulu Xiangli’pear as the female parent.The results showed that the artificial pollution of‘Huangguan’for‘Yulu Xiangli’pear had the highest fruit-setting rate,the smallest fruit shape index and skewness,the largest fruit size,the most correct fruit shape,high soluble solids’content,and superior internal and external qualities to other pollination varieties.In general,‘Huangguan’is the most suitable pollination variety for‘Yulu Xiangli’pear in Jingtai area.