Ca^(2+)对‘伏脆蜜’裂果调控生理的研究

Study on the physiological regulation of Ca^(2+)on the split fruit of‘Fucuimi’Jujube

为了探讨Ca^(2+)与枣裂果的关系,试验以易裂鲜食枣品种‘伏脆蜜’为材料,于盛花期后30~65 d对枣果喷施CaCl_(2)(200倍液)处理、喷施清水处理,以自然条件为对照,探究喷施CaCl_(2)处理对裂果及非裂果部位细胞壁代谢酶活性、细胞壁物质含量及解剖结构的影响。结果表明:枣裂果方式以纵裂为主,喷施CaCl_(2)处理后裂果率最低,非裂果部位纤维素酶、β-半乳糖苷酶活性最高,多聚半乳糖醛酸酶活性最低,果胶甲酯酶活性为1.07 U/g,非裂果部位纤维素、半纤维素及果胶物质含量最高且蜡质层、表皮层及内表皮层厚度最厚,果皮细胞结构较为完整,表皮细胞排列整齐,果肉空腔较小。综上所述,Ca^(2+)与枣裂果关系密切,喷施CaCl_(2)可显著降低枣裂果率。

In order to explore the relationship between Ca^(2+)and jujube fruit cracking,the susceptible variety‘Fucuimi’jujube was used as the experimental material.The jujube fruit was sprayed respectively with CaCl_(2)(200 times solution)and water from 30 to 65 days after the blooming period,and natural conditions as control.The effects of spraying CaCl_(2) treatment on the cell wall metabolic enzyme activity,cell wall material content and pericarp anatomical structure in cracked and non cracked fruit parts were investigated.The results showed that the fruit cracking mode of‘Fucuimi’jujube was mainly longitudinal cracking,and the dehiscence rate was the lowest after spraying CaCl_(2),the activities of cellulase andβ-galactosidase and the content of cellulose,hemicellulose and pectin in the non cracked part of the fruit were the highest,while the polygalacturonase activity was the lowest,the pectin methylesterase activity was 1.07 U/g,moreover,the waxy layer,epidermis and inner epidermis were the thickest,the pericarp cell structure was relatively complete,the epidermis cells were arranged in order,the pulp cavity was small.In summary,Ca^(2+)is closely related to jujube dehiscence,and spraying CaCl_(2) can significantly reduce the dehiscence rate of jujube.