老年维持性血液透析患者健康促进行为成因的质性研究

Qualitative study on the causes of health promotion behavior in elderly patients with maintenance hemodialysis

目的分析老年维持性血液透析患者健康促进行为的影响因素,为构建护理方案提供参考。方法2021年6—10月采用目的抽样法选取在河北省人民医院行老年维持性血液透析患者16例为研究对象,采用半结构式访谈,应用Colaizzi 7步分析法整理分析。结果提炼3个主题:倾向因素(充足的疾病相关知识、提升患者的价值观、家庭责任感知、控制负性情绪)、促进因素(经济负担、和谐医疗与自然环境)及强化因素(同伴支持、医务人员支持、家庭支持)。结论老年维持性血液透析患者健康促进的影响因素复杂多样,医护人员要结合患者的自身情况给予针对性的指导与支持方式,推动健康促进行为的建立,提高生活质量。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of health promotion behavior in elderly patients with maintenance hemodialysis,so as to provide reference for constructing nursing strategies.Methods From June to October 2021,16 elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients in Hebei Provincial People’s Hospital were selected as research subjects by purpose sampling method,and semi-structured interviews were used to organize and analyze Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Results Three themes were extracted:predisposing factors(sufficient disease-related knowledge,promotion of patients’values,family responsibility perception,and control of negative emotions),promoting factors(economic burden,harmonious medical treatment and natural environment)and strengthening factors(peer support,medical staff support,and family support).Conclusion The influencing factors of health promotion in elderly patients with maintenance hemodialysis are complex and diverse.Medical staff should give targeted guidance and support according to the patients’own situation,so as to promote the establishment of health promotion behavior and i mprove the quality of life.