非金属矿物强韧氧化物陶瓷基复合材料研究进展

Research Progress of Oxide Ceramic Matrix Composites Strengthened and Toughened with Nonmetallic Minerals

氧化物陶瓷基复合材料具有高硬度、高强度、高耐磨损性、低线膨胀系数、抗氧化、耐高温、耐化学腐蚀和抗高温蠕变等优点,在制造业、航空航天、齿科修复等领域得到广泛应用。非金属矿物与氧化物陶瓷基复合材料的有效复合,不仅能够发挥我国典型非金属矿物的资源禀赋特征和结构特点,也能够降低氧化物陶瓷基复合材料强韧化成本、提高制备过程的可控性。本文重点介绍了白云石、电气石、海泡石等三种非金属矿物在强韧氧化物陶瓷基(Al_(2)O_(3)、ZrO_(2)和“磷酸钙-高岭土-石英”)复合材料方面的研究进展,归纳了非金属矿物的组分、结构等对氧化物陶瓷基复合材料强韧化的作用成效,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。

Oxide ceramic matrix composites have the advantages of high hardness,high strength,high wear resistance,low linear expansion coefficient,oxidation resistance,high temperature resistance,chemical corrosion resistance and high temperature creep resistance,and then the oxide ceramic matrix composites are widely used in manufacturing,aerospace,dental repair and other fields.The effective composite of nonmetallic minerals and oxide ceramic matrix composites can not only give full play to the advantages of the richness of resource and the uniqueness of structure,but also fully reduce the cost of the strengthening and toughening and improve the controllability of the preparation process of oxide ceramic matrix composites.This paper mainly introduces the research progress of three kind of nonmetallic minerals of dolomite,tourmaline and sepiolite in the strengthening and toughening filed for oxide ceramic matrix(Al_(2)O_(3) based,ZrO_(2) based and calcium phosphate-kaolin-quartz based)composite materials,summarizes the effect of component and structure on the strengthening and toughening of oxide ceramic matrix composites,and its development trend is prospected.