学科特质、学术困局、学理拓展:体育社会学之变局路径

Disciplinary Uniqueness, Academic Dilemmas, and Theoretical Expansion: The Changing Path for the Sociology of Sport

通过对体育社会学视域与学科范畴、特点与贡献、机遇与困境、创新与“反哺”等问题的讨论,初步探索体育社会学创新与变革的内生动力和路径。认为,体育社会学改变了早期主流学界对体育的看法以及体育作为“自然科学”的单一属性,为全面描述和理解体育提供了“想象力”、理论工具和研究方法,也促进了体育知识的公共化。体育社会学的敏锐性、包容性、综合性、反思性、前瞻性与实践性等学科特质为其发展创造了机遇。然而,体育社会学也面临着学科内外的发展困局。为了应对外在挑战,突破创新内生动力不足的局限,体育社会学需紧紧围绕体育的独特性——“身体在场”,从“社会透视”和“理论观照”2条路径激发新视角、新方法、新知识的拓展与生成。

The endogenous driving force of the development of sports sociology is initially explored through the discussion of its perspective and scope, characteristics and contributions, opportunities and limitations, as well as its innovation and regeneration, etc. The study believes that the sociology of sport as an academic discipline has changed the early view towards sport from the mainstream academia, which attributed the study of sport as a "natural science". It has not only provided "imagination", theoretical tools and research methods for describing and understanding sport comprehensively, but also promoted sports knowledge’s publicization. The disciplinary characteristics that include astuteness, inclusiveness, comprehensiveness, reflectiveness, foresight and practicality have created more opportunities for its development. On the other hand, however, the sociology of sport also faces dilemmas within and outside the discipline. To cope with the challenges and break through the limitations of insufficient endogenous motivation for innovation, the sociology of sport needs to closely focus on the uniqueness of sport-"body presence" by stimulating the(re)generation of new ideas, new methods and new knowledge with social perspectives and theoretical contemplation.