自我关怀能力、家庭关系对上海高校大学生状态和特质焦虑的影响

Study on the Influence of Self-Compassion and Family Relationship on The State and Trait Anxiety of College Students in Shanghai

目的:调查分析自我关怀能力、家庭关系状况对上海高校大学生状态和特质焦虑的影响,为缓解大学生焦虑情绪提供参考。方法:基于分层整群随机抽样方法,采用自我关怀量表(SCS)、家庭亲密度和适应性量表(FACESII-CV)及状态和特质焦虑量表(STAI)对887名上海高校大学生进行调查。结果:上海高校大学生自我关怀总分为2.59±0.80分,内部维度自我友善、正念、共通人性、自我批评、过度沉溺、自我孤立得分依次为2.77±0.96、2.40±0.83、2.83±0.84、2.24±0.89、2.60±1.09、2.61±0.91分;家庭关系亲密度和适应性得分为3.79±0.39、3.11±0.42分;状态焦虑和特质焦虑得分为45.46±8.06、43.75±7.82分。不同性别、年龄、年级、独生子女情况、户籍性质组大学生状态和特质焦虑得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。自我友善、正念、共通人性得分及家庭关系亲密度、适应性得分对状态和特质焦虑得分有负向预测效应(P<0.05);自我批评、过度沉溺得分对状态焦虑得分有正向预测效应(P<0.01);过度沉溺、自我孤立得分对特质焦虑得分有正向预测效应(P<0.01)。结论:上海高校大学生存在明显的状态焦虑,女性、年龄较大、高年级、非独生子女、农村户籍大学生是状态和特质焦虑的高危人群,可通过提高大学生内在自我关怀能力和改善所处家庭关系状况缓解其焦虑情绪。

Objective To investigate and analyze the influence of self-compassion ability and family relationship on the state and trait anxiety of college students in Shanghai.Methods 887 college students in Shanghai were chosen by stratified cluster random sampling method,and investigated by questionnaires of SCS,FACESII-CV and STAI.Results The total score of self compassion of college students in Shanghai was 2.59±0.80,and the score of internal dimensions of self friendliness,mindfulness,common humanity,self-criticism,excessive addiction and self isolation was 2.77±0.96,2.40±0.83,2.83±0.84,2.24±0.89,2.60±1.09,2.61±0.91,respectively.The score of family relationship intimacy and adaptability was 3.79±0.39 and 3.11±0.42,respectively.The score of state anxiety and trait anxiety was 45.46±8.06 and 43.75±7.82,respectively.There were significant differences in the scores of state and trait anxiety among the college students with different gender,age,grade,only-child or not and the nature of registered residence(P<0.01).The scores of self friendliness,mindfulness,common humanity,family intimacy and adaptability had a negatively predictive effect on the scores of state and trait anxiety(P<0.05).The scores of self-criticism and excessive addiction positively predicted the score of state anxiety(P<0.01),and the scores of excessive addiction and self isolation positively predicted the score of trait anxiety(P<0.01).Conclusion College students in Shanghai had obvious state anxiety.Female,older,senior,non only child,rural registered residence college students are high-risk groups of state and trait anxiety.Improving college students’internal self-compassion ability and their family relationship are helpful to alleviate anxiety.