无创机械通气与经鼻高流量氧疗对老年呼吸衰竭患者的临床疗效比较

Comparison of clinical efficacy of non-invasive mechanical ventilation and nasal high-flow oxygen therapy in elderly patients with respiratory failure

目的 分析两种氧疗方式应用于老年呼吸衰竭患者的临床疗效。方法 2019年1月至2021年12月我院收治的老年呼吸衰竭患者152例,按照随机数字表法分为两组各76例,常规组予以无创机械通气支持,经鼻高流量氧气湿化(HFNC)组给予HFNC治疗,比较两组肺通气功能、症状完全缓解时间(咳痰缓解时间、气喘缓解时间、咳嗽缓解时间)、实验室指标变化情况,两组插管率及住院时间。结果 治疗后与常规组比较,HFNC组肺通气功能指标更高,各症状完全缓解时间、实验室指标更低(P<0.05);两组插管率、住院时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 HFNC在改善老年呼吸衰竭肺通气功能中有明显优势,可促进其症状缓解,抑制肺部血管收缩及肺部炎症反应。

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of two oxygen therapy methods applied to elderly patients with respiratory failure.Methods From January 2019 to December 2019, 152 elderly patients with respiratory failure in our hospital were selected. The patients were randomly divided into a conventional group and a high-flow nasal cannula(HFNC) oxygen therapy group, 76 in each group. The conventional group received non-invasive mechanical ventilation, and the HFNC group was given HFNC oxygen therapy. The pulmonary ventilation function, complete remission times of symptoms(expectoration remission time, asthma remission time, and cough remission time) and laboratory indicators before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. The intubation rate and hospital stay were also compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the conventional group, the pulmonary ventilation function indicators were higher while the time of complete remission of each symptom and laboratory indexes were lower in the HFNC group(P<0.05). Intubation rate and length of hospital stay were similar between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions HFNC oxygen therapy has obvious advantages in improving pulmonary ventilation function in elderly patients with respiratory failure. It can promote the relief of symptoms and inhibit the pulmonary vasoconstriction and inflammatory response.