轨道交通车辆用复合材料设计及应用标准现状思考

复合材料具有优异性能、可设计性强等特点,在产品设计过程中得到广泛应用。复合材料设计过程较为复杂,经历材料选型、试验验证和方案确定等阶段。由于制造门槛较低,材料性能不尽相同,相关验证标准也不够全面,因此在材料选型初期需制定相应工艺规范,并制定针对性的检验标准,才能保证产品质量一致性。目前轨道交通领域还未形成行业内的复合材料设计规范,导致复合材料的优势未能完全体现。因此,复合材料亟需建立起相关力学测试和试验标准,完备数据库,更好地指导车辆设计。

Composite materials are widely used in product design because of their excellent properties and strong designability.The design process of composite materials is complex,which goes through the stages of material selection,test verification,scheme determination and so on.Due to the low manufacturing threshold,different material properties and incomplete relevant verification standards,it is necessary to formulate corresponding process specifications and targeted inspection standards at the initial stage of material selection in order to ensure the consistency of product quality.At present,there is no composite design specification in the field of rail transit,which leads to the failure to fully reflect the advantages of composite materials.Therefore,there is an urgent need to establish relevant mechanical testing and test standards and complete database to better guide vehicle design.