虎耳草属植物化学成分及药理活性的研究进展

Research progress on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Saxifraga

虎耳草属植物在全球约有500多种,作为民间药广泛应用于东亚地区,大多以全草入药,具有祛风清热、凉血解毒的功效,常用于风疹、湿疹、中耳炎等疾病治疗。虎耳草属植物药理作用广泛,具有较高的药用价值。目前,虎耳草属植物的化学成分和药理活性研究虽已有一定的报道,但缺乏系统性整理,笔者结合国内外近40年来的相关文献,总结了虎耳草属植物中化学成分和药理作用的研究概况,对其主要的黄酮、苯丙素、甾体、萜类,有机酸及有机酸酯类等化学成分,以及抗病毒、抗癌、抗菌、保肝、抗炎、抗氧化、抗衰老、抗组织增生、抑制酪氨酸酶等药理活性进行了汇总与分析,为虎耳草属植物的进一步开发与利用提供参考依据。

The plants of Genus Saxifraga,containing about 500 species around the globe,widely used as folk medicines in East Asia.Most plants of Genus Saxifraga possess the effects of dispelling pathogenic wind,cooling blood and clearing heat-toxin with theories of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and whole herb plant can be use as medicine for treating rubella,eczema,otitis media.Currently,there are certain amount of studies about chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Saxifraga,which has shown that Saxifraga has extensive pharmacology and great medicinal value.However,there is a lack of systematic review.This article systematically summarized the researches in chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Saxifraga in the past 40 years.The main constituents of flavonoids,phenylpropanoids,steroids,terpenes,organic acids,organic acid esters and activities of antiviral,anti-tumor,antibacterial,liver protection,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidant,anti-aging,anti-tissue proliferation,inhibiting tyrosinase have been summarized and analyzed,which provides a reference for the further development and utilization of Saxifraga.