道家虚静养生观缘由新探

Re-exploration on the Causes of the Theory of Void and Quietness in Taoism

道家清静无欲、淡泊无为的虚静养生观为后世中医养生文化确立了最基本的准则,而道家之所以提倡此种养生观念又与中国传统的农耕文化、巫术思维以及动乱的时代背景紧密相关。首先,中国本土虚静、恬淡的农耕文化孕育了道家对生命的认识,奠定了道家虚静养生观的基础;其次,传统巫文化中斋戒以通神明的思维方式进一步深化了道家的修养论思想,促进了虚静养生观的形成;最终,春秋战国之际战乱、无序的时代背景彻底激发了道家以虚静之法教人们安养身心,以期实现天下治平,百姓皆能安居乐业、尽其终年的美好愿景。

The theory of void and quietness in Taoism established the most basic criteria for the health culture of traditional Chinese medicine in later generations. However, the reason why Taoism advocates this concept is closely related to the traditional Chinese farming culture, Shaman culture and the turbulent background of the times. First of all, the quiet and tranquil farming culture gave birth to the Taoist understanding of life and laid the foundation for the Taoist method of health preservation. Secondly, the Shaman culture further deepened the Taoism and promoted the formation of the theory. Last but not least, turbulent background in the Warrior States Period triggered the theory of void and quietness practiced among people, with a nice vision of peace reigns and settled life.