数字普惠金融能促进包容性增长吗?

Can Digital Financial Inclusion Promote Inclusive Growth?

包容性增长是经济发展追求的主要目标,是实现共同富裕的重要战略举措。数字普惠金融能否利用科技创新优势促进包容性增长,对中国社会更平衡、更充分发展至关重要。基于熵权法构建了中国30个省份的包容性增长总指数及经济可持续增长、收入分配和机会公平分指数,分析了中国不同地区的包容性增长现状,并从北京大学数字普惠金融指数和覆盖广度、使用深度、数字支持服务程度角度研究了数字普惠金融对包容性增长的影响。研究发现:中国包容性增长水平呈现“东—中—西”依次递减趋势,东部地区水平高、增速慢,中西部地区水平低但增速快,各地区包容性增长之间虽存在较大差异,但这一差异随着时间的变化而呈现缩小趋势。数字普惠金融对包容性增长有明显的正向影响,数字普惠金融能有效促进中国收入分配和机会公平。相比于东部地区,中西部地区数字普惠金融对包容性增长促进作用更为明显;在东部地区数字普惠金融主要是通过提高创新水平来促进包容性增长,在中西部地区主要通过提高创新水平和提高人力资本来促进包容性增长。研究有助于正确把握中国包容性增长的内在变化规律,科学认识数字普惠金融对包容性增长的影响机制和传导路径,对制定高质量的国家发展战略,促进经济高质量发展具有一定的理论参考价值。

Inclusive growth is the main goal of economic development and an important strategic measure to achieve common prosperity.Whether digital financial inclusion can take advantage of scientific and technological innovation to promote inclusive growth is crucial to the more balanced and full development of Chinese society.Based on entropy weight method,the total index of inclusive growth and sub-index of sustainable economic growth,income distribution and equal opportunity of 30 provinces and autonomous regions in China are constructed,and the status quo of inclusive growth level of different regions in China is analyzed.It also studies the impact of digital financial inclusion on inclusive growth from the perspective of Peking University Digital Financial Inclusion Index and the extent of coverage,depth of use and degree of digital support services.The results show that:(1)The level of inclusive growth in China shows a decreasing trend from east to central to west.The level of inclusive growth in the eastern region is high and the growth rate is slow,while the level of inclusive growth in the central and western regions is low but the growth rate is fast.Although there is a big difference between the levels of inclusive growth in different regions,the difference shows a decreasing trend over time.(2)Digital financial inclusion has a significant positive impact on inclusive growth.Digital financial inclusion can effectively promote income distribution and opportunity equity in China.(3)Compared with the eastern region,the role of digital financial inclusion in promoting inclusive growth is more obvious in the central and western regions;In the eastern region,digital financial inclusion mainly promotes inclusive growth by improving innovation level,while in the central and western regions,it mainly promotes inclusive growth by improving innovation level and human capital.The research is helpful to correctly grasp the internal change law of China’s inclusive growth level,scientifically understand the influence mechanism and transmission path of digital financial inclusion on inclusive growth,and has certain theoretical reference value for formulating high-quality national development strategy and promoting high-quality economic development.