“十四五”期间民族地区义务教育政策工具优化探析——基于政策工具视角的文本计量研究

On the Optimization of Compulsory Education Policy Tools in Ethnic Areas During the 14th Five-Year Plan Period:A Bibliometric Analysis from the Perspective of Policy Tools

“十四五”期间,民族地区义务教育面临优质均衡发展这一关键性问题。从政策工具视角出发,对民族地区教育事业发展“十三五”规划进行分析,是总结经验、诊断问题、优化改进“十四五”期间民族地区义务教育政策规划的有效途径。通过文本计量分析发现,“十三五”期间民族地区义务教育政策规划以强制性工具为主;政策工具分布不均衡,综合化、创造性、高效化使用政策工具及组合仍有较大空间。“十四五”期间民族地区需以政策工具为抓手,从结构、效率、功能三方面对教育政策规划加以改进,探寻合理的政策工具结构,增强政府现代教育治理能力,适当推进政策工具的法治化进程,提高依法治教的水平,推动教育供给侧改革,构建问题导向的民族教育政策体系。

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period,high-quality and balanced development is the key issue facing the compulsory education in ethnic areas.From the perspective of policy tools,analyzing the 13th Five-Year Plan for the development of education in ethnic areas is an effective way to summarize experience,diagnose problems,and optimize and improve the policy planning for compulsory education in ethnic areas during the 14th Five-Year Plan period.The bibliometric analysis in this study yields the following findings:the compulsory education policy planning in ethnic areas during the 13th Five Year Plan period is dominated by compulsory tools;the policy tools are unevenly distributed,and there is still a large space for comprehensive,creative and efficient use of policy tools and combinations.During the 14th Five Year Plan period,ethnic areas need to take policy tools as the starting point to improve education policy planning from three aspects:structure,efficiency and function.That is,to explore a reasonable policy tool structure to enhance the government’s ability of modern education governance,to properly promote the legalization process of policy tools and improve the level of education administration in accordance with law,and to promote the supply-side reform of education and build a problem-oriented ethnic education policy system.