赤峰草地生态系统外来入侵植物防控策略研究初探

Preliminary study on prevention and control strategies of invasive alien plants in Chifeng grassland ecosystem

在介绍少花蒺藜草和刺萼龙葵在内蒙古赤峰地区发生分布和危害的基础上,描述了少花蒺藜草和刺萼龙葵的生物学生态学特性,详细阐述了在草原地区开展少花蒺藜草和刺萼龙葵防控工作的具体方法和措施,重点介绍了赤峰地区开展的少花蒺藜草综合防控技术模式,该技术模式防控效果好、理念新颖,适宜大面积推广应用,是一个贴近生产实际、富有成效的实用技术集成。尤其是首创的通过收集少花蒺藜草种子来减少土壤种子库的防控方法以及放牧防控、免耕补播牧草等生物生态治理措施,是值得在草原牧区广泛借鉴和推广应用的。

On the basis of introducing the occurrence, distribution and harm of Cenchrus spinifex and Solanum rostratum in Chifeng area of Inner Mongolia, the biological and ecological characteristics of Cenchrus spinifex and Solanum rostratum are described, and the specific methods and measures for the prevention and control of Cenchrus spinifex and Solanum rostratum in grassland area were elaborated. The technology model of comprehensive control of Cenchrus spinifex in Chifeng area was introduced. This technology model had good prevention and control effect and novel concept, which was suitable for large-scale popularization and application. It was practical and effective technology integration close to the production practice. In particular, the first prevention and control method to reduce soil seed bank by collecting the seeds of Cenchrus spinifex and the biological ecological management measures such as grazing prevention and control and no-tillage supplement sowing grass were worthy of extensive reference and application in grassland pastoral areas.