不同表面形式沟槽对集装箱列车气动阻力特性的影响研究

Research on the Influence of Grooves with Different Surface Forms on the Aerodynamic Drag Characteristics of Container Trains

针对铁路单层集装箱表面结构单一、气动阻力特性差等问题,本文设计了适用于集装箱的三角形、梯形、弧形和矩形表面形式沟槽结构.利用ANSYS Fluent软件,采用基于Realized k-ε湍流模型和SIMPLE算法,对比了4种不同表面形式沟槽的集装箱列车模型的气动阻力,结果表明:明线情况下,弧形沟槽结构集装箱列车气动阻力最小;不同表面形式沟槽结构的集装箱列车所受的气动阻力差异主要来自于集装箱;集装箱的压差阻力贡献了主要的气动阻力,弧形沟槽结构集装箱压差阻力最小,而摩擦阻力最大.

In order to solve the problems of single surface structure and poor aerodynamic resistance characteristics of single-layer railway containers, groove structures in the form of triangular, trapezoidal,arc-shaped and rectangular surface were designed for containers in this study. Using the ANSYS Fluent software and adopting the turbulence model with the Realized k-ε and SIMPLE algorithm, the aerodynamic resistances of four container train models with different surface grooves were compared. The calculation results show that the aerodynamic resistance of the container train with the arc groove structure is the smallest in the case of open lines;the difference in aerodynamic resistance of container trains with different surface groove structures mainly comes from the container;the differential pressure resistance of the container contributes the main aerodynamic resistance. The container with the arc groove structure has the smallest differential pressure resistance and the largest frictional resistance.