甲烷直接转化制高值化学品的研究进展

Research progress in direct methane conversion to high value-added chemicals

由甲烷直接转化制高值化学品(如烯烃、芳烃等)是天然气利用的理想途径和终极目标,可为后石油时代多元化的化学品供应提供一个替代方案,但甲烷直接转化极具挑战,至今尚未实现应用,其关键问题在于C-H键活化和可控C-C偶联。综述了甲烷直接转化的3条重要的反应路径:氧化偶联制乙烯(OCM)、无氧芳构化制芳烃(MDA)以及无氧直接制烯烃、芳烃和氢气(MTOAH)的研究进展,并讨论了各路径的优缺点、应用前景及面临的主要挑战。尽管OCM、MDA和MTOAH技术在新催化剂研制、活性位确定和催化剂优化等方面已经取得了显著进展,但催化剂的选择性和稳定性仍需进一步优化,机理研究仍需进一步深入,以指导高选择性和高稳定性催化剂的设计和合成。

Direct methane conversion to high value-added chemicals,such as olefins and aromatics,is an ideal approach and ultimate goal for natural gas utilization.It can provide an alternative to the diversified supply of chemicals in the post-petroleum era.However,the direct methane conversion is extremely challenging and has not yet been applied.The key problems are C—H activation and controllable C—C coupling.Recent progress in the development of direct methane conversion technologies,including oxidative coupling of methane(OCM),methane dehydroaromatization(MDA)and methane conversion to olefins,aromatics and hydrogen(MTOAH)was summarized,and the advantages and disadvantages,application prospects and main challenges of each route were discussed.Although OCM,MDA and MTOAH technologies have made significant progress in the development of new catalysts,the determination of active sites and the optimization of catalysts,the selectivity and stability of catalysts still need to be further optimized,and the mechanism research still needs to be further deepened to guide the design and synthesis of catalysts with high selectivity and stability.