胎儿小脑延髓池宽度发育特点及其性别差异

Developmental characteristics of width of cerebellomedullary cistern in fetus and its differences in gender

目的探讨胎儿小脑延髓池宽度发育特点及其性别差异。方法选取行常规产科超声检查的孕妇574例为研究对象。收集孕妇年龄、孕周、胎儿性别等信息,用超声测量胎儿双顶径、头围、小脑半球横径、小脑延髓池宽度。分析小脑延髓池宽度与胎儿颅脑径线测量值相关性以及不同性别发育特点。结果小脑延髓池平均宽度为(6.86±1.55)mm,平均孕周为(27.00±4.00)周,平均双顶径为(67.68±32.54)mm,平均头围为(241.78±43.93)mm,平均小脑半球横径为(29.36±7.72)mm。小脑延髓池宽度值与孕周、双顶径、头围、小脑半球横径均呈正相关(且与头围相关性最高)(P<0.05),其相关系数分别为0.269、0.105、0.309、0.189。头围和小脑半球横径对小脑延髓池宽度值具有影响,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。孕30周前小脑延髓池宽度值随孕周增加而增长,30~40周小脑延髓池宽度值变化不大。分析17~30周胎儿数据显示,小脑延髓池宽度与孕周、双顶径、头围、小脑半球横径的相关性升高,相关系数分别为0.552、0.549、0.567、0.416。小脑延髓池宽度与头围呈线性相关,随头围增长而宽度变大(R2=0.321)。男性小脑延髓池平均宽度为(7.03±1.60)mm,大于女性的(6.69±1.47)mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论确定小脑延髓池宽度正常值范围可参照孕妇孕30周前胎儿小脑延髓池的变化规律,以及考虑胎儿性别差异。

Objective To explore the developmental characteristics of width of cerebellomedullary cistern in fetus and its differences in gender.Methods A total of 574 pregnant women who underwent routine obstetric ultrasonography were selected as study subjects.Pregnant women′s age,gestational age,fetal sex and other information were collected.The fetal double parietal diameter,head circumference,transverse diameter of cerebellar hemisphere and width of cerebellomedullary cistern were measured by ultrasound.The correlation between width of cerebellomedullary cistern and fetal craniocerebral diameter as well as its developmental characteristics of different gender were analyzed.Results The average width of cerebellomedullary cistern was(6.86±1.55)mm;the mean gestational age was(27.00±4.00)weeks;the average diameter of double top was(67.68±32.54)mm;the average head circumference was(241.78±43.93)mm;the mean transverse diameter of cerebellar hemisphere was(29.36±7.72)mm.The width value of cerebellomedullary cistern was positively correlated with gestational age,double parietal diameter,head circumference and transverse diameter of cerebellar hemisphere,and had the highest correlation with head circumference(P<0.05),and the correlation coefficients were 0.269,0.105,0.309 and 0.189,respectively.Head circumference and transverse diameter of cerebellar hemisphere had significant effects on the width of cerebellomedullary cistern(P<0.05).The width of cerebellomedullary cistern increased with gestational age before 30weeks,but did not change too much at 30 to 40 weeks.The correlations between cerebellomedullary cistern width and gestational age,biparietal diameter,head circumference and transverse diameter of cerebellar hemisphere increased at 17 to 30 weeks,and the correlation coefficients were 0.552,0.549,0.567 and 0.416,respectively.The width of cerebellomedullary cistern was linearly correlated with head circumference and increased with head circumference(R2=0.321).The average width of cerebellomedullary cistern in males was(7.03±1.60)mm,which was significantly more than(6.69±1.47)mm in females(P<0.05).Conclusion When determining the normal range of cerebellomedullary cistern width,the changes rules of cerebellar bulbar cisterna in pregnant women before 30 weeks of pregnancy can be referred,and the fetal sex difference can be considered.