1144名公交车司机心电图检查结果分析

Electrocardiogram Analysis of 1 144 Bus Drivers in Health Examination

目的:对山东省菏泽市公交车司机心电图检查结果进行分析,为公交车司机防治心血管疾病、保证行车安全提供科学依据。方法:收集2020年山东省菏泽市1 144名公交车司机职业健康体检资料,按性别、工龄和年龄进行分组,对其心电图检查结果进行分析。结果:心电图异常者416人(36.36%),其中男性检出率为36.91%,女性为34.50%。异常心电图种类排前5位的依次是T波异常、窦性心动过缓、ST段改变、窦性心律不齐、不完全右束支阻滞。异常类型排前2位的是ST段、T波、U波、Q波和窦性心律失常。性别与ST段改变、窦性心动过缓检出率有关联,男女之间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为7.939、5.203,P值均<0.05)。随着年龄的增加,心电图异常检出率呈增加趋势(χ^(2)=4.188,P<0.05)。各类型异常心电图中室上性心律失常和ST段、T波、U波、Q波检出率有随年龄的增加而增高的趋势(χ^(2)值分别为3.874、7.099,P值均<0.05),且年龄与室上性心律失常和ST段、T波、U波、Q波检出率有相关性(χ^(2)值分别为4.587、12.822,P值均<0.05)。各种类异常心电图中窦性心律不齐检出率有随年龄的增加而降低的趋势(χ^(2)=6.697,P<0.05),且年龄与窦性心律不齐检出率有相关性(χ^(2)=6.938,P<0.05)。结论:性别、年龄是公交车司机心电图改变的影响因素,职业因素影响较小。公交车司机定期进行心电图检查,对保证行车安全有重要意义。

OBJECTIVE To provide the statistical data of ecg abnormalities in occupational health examination of bus drivers inHeze area, analyze ecg abnormalities and related factors, find occupational contraindications, and provide scientific basis for bus com-panies to carry out cardiovascular disease prevention and ensure traffic safety. METHODS The ecg data of 1 144 bus drivers in occu-pational health examination were divided into groups according to gender, working age and age, and the abnormal ecg was analyzed.RESULTS Abnormal ecg was detected in 416 cases(36.36%), 36.91% in males and 34.50% in females. The top 5 types of abnormalecg were T wave abnormality, sinus bradycardia, ST segment change, sinus arrhythmia, incomplete right bundle branch block, andthe top two types of abnormal ecg were ST segment, T wave, U wave, Q wave and sinus arrhythmia. ST segment changes and sinus bra-dycardia were associated with gender, and there was statistical significance between male and female(χ^(2)=7.939,5.203,P<0.05).With the increase of age, abnormal ecg detection rate increased(χ^(2)=4.188,P<0.05). The detection rates of supraventricular arrhyth-mias and ST segment, T wave, U wave and Q wave in ecg of different types of abnormality tended to increase with the increase ofage(χ^(2)=3.874,7.099,P<0.05), and age was correlated with the detection rates of supraventricular arrhythmias and ST segment, Twave, U wave and Q wave(χ^(2)=4.587,12.822,P<0.05). The detection rate of sinus arrhythmia in ecg of all kinds of abnormalitiestended to decrease with the increase of age(χ^(2)=6.697,P<0.05), and age was correlated with the detection rate of sinus arrhythmia(χ^(2)=6.938,P<0.05). CONCLUSION Gender and age are the influencing factors of ecg changes, while occupation has little influ-ence. It is of great significance for bus drivers to take ecg examination regularly to ensure driving safety.