2019—2021年安阳市学校教学与生活环境督查结果分析

Analysis of results of supervision and inspection of teaching and living environment of schools in Anyang City from 2019 to 2021

目的 通过对2019—2021年安阳市学校教学与生活环境随机监督抽查结果一一进行分析,了解其现状,发现存在的问题,探讨解决方法。方法 依托国家卫生健康监督信息平台,汇总2019—2021年安阳市教学与生活环境随机监督抽查结果信息,内容包括课桌椅、教室采光、照明、人均面积、通风设施、厕所及洗手设施,对抽查内容不同年份、不同区域间使用χ~2检验进行统计学分析。结果 2019—2021年随机监督抽查安阳市各类学校共计398所次,各项指标中采光方向、装设人工照明、防炫光措施、教室通风设施的合格率最高,分别为97.0%、96.7%、89.2%和88.9%;课桌椅配备、窗地面积比、黑板照度、厕所及洗手设施设置合格率相对较低,分别为78.6%、79.6%、79.6%和79.2%。不同年度间比较,课桌椅配备(χ~2_(课桌椅配备)=14.14,P=0.001,χ~2_(趋势性)=13.70,P<0.001)和教室通风设施合格率(χ~2_(教室通风设施)=9.70,P=0.010,χ~2_(趋势性)=9.21,P=0.002)逐年上升,差异具有统计学意义。不同区域间比较,三年不同区域学校教学与生活环境抽检合格情况差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中,城区学校抽检合格情况明显优于乡村(校正后P<0.017)。结论 安阳市学校教学与生活环境总体卫生状况良好,但也存在薄弱环节,课桌椅配备、窗地面积比、黑板照度、厕所及洗手设施设置合格率较低,农村学校教学与生活环境相对落后,应突出执法监督重点,不断提升学校教学与生活环境管理水平。

Objective To analyze the results of random supervision for the teaching and living environment of the schools in Anyang City from 2019 to 2021,so as to know their current status,find out the problems,and explore the solutions.Methods Based on the National Health Supervision Information Platform,the information on random supervision and spot check results of teaching and living environment in Anyang City from 2019 to 2021 was summarized,including desks and chairs,classroom lighting,lighting,per capita area,ventilation facilities,toilet and hand washing facilities.The Chisquare test was used for statistical analysis of sampling contents in different years and regions.Results From 2019 to 2021,a total of 398 schools of various types in Anyang City were randomly supervised and spot checked.Among the indicators,the qualified rates of lighting direction,installation of artificial lighting,anti-glare measures,and classroom ventilation facilities were the highest,which were 97.0%,96.7%,89.2%,and 88.9%,respectively.The qualified rates of desks and chairs,window to floor area ratio,blackboard illumination,and toilet and hand washing facilities were relatively low,78.6%,79.6%,79.6%,and 79.2% respectively.In comparisons among different years,the qualified rates of the equipment of desks and chairs,and classroom ventilation facilities increased year by year,with statistically significant differences(χ~2_(desks and chairs)=14.14,P = 0.001,χ~2_(trend)= 13.70,P < 0.001;χ~2_(classroom ventilation)= 9.70,P = 0.010,χ~2_(trend)= 9.21,P = 0.002).In the comparison between different regions,there were statistically significant differences among 3 years in the qualified rates of spot checks(P <0.05),and the urban schools were superior to the rural schools significantly(P < 0.017 after correction).Conclusions The school teaching and living environment in Anyang City is generally in good hygienic condition.However,there are also weak links.The qualified rates of desks and chairs,window to floor area ratio,blackboard illumination,and toilet and hand washing facilities were low,and the teaching and living environment in rural schools is relatively backward.Therefore,we should highlight the focus of law enforcement and supervision,and constantly improve the management level of school teaching and living environment.