智慧医疗的伦理和法律问题及其应对策略

The Ethical and Legal Problems of Intelligent Medicine and Its Countermeasures

人工智能于医疗领域的广泛应用在造福人类的同时,也不可避免地产生一些伦理和法律问题。智慧医疗对医生的主体性地位带来挑战;解构传统的医患关系;对社会的公平、正义带来挑战;算法歧视带来安全性挑战;对患者的隐私权带来挑战;智慧医疗还会带来医疗损害的责任承担问题。为了推动智慧医疗的健康发展,应该从以下几个方面做出努力:坚持以人为本的原则;确保医生的主体地位,注重对患者的人文关怀;加大对智慧医疗领域的投入,解决公平受益问题;采取有效措施解决算法歧视;加强医疗大数据管理,保护患者隐私;明确智慧医疗损害的责任认定。

Artificial intelligence in the medical field will inevitably produce some ethical and legal issues while benefiting mankind. For example,it poses challenges to doctors’ subjective status,deconstructs the traditional doctorpatient relationship. It also poses challenges to social fairness,security,social justice,the privacy of patients and the responsibility for medical damage. For the healthy development of smart medicine,it have proposed the following countermeasures against these problems: adhere to the principle of human text,ensure the dominant position of doctors,pay attention to humanistic care for patients,and increase investment in smart medicine to solve the problem of fair benefit. Take effective measures to solve algorithm discrimination. It is suggested that the management of medical big data should be strengthened to protect patient privacy and the responsibility of smart medical damage should be clarified.