中国荒漠类型自然保护区空间分布格局

The spatial distribution pattern of desert type nature reserves in China

采用标准差椭圆、核密度、最邻近指数方法,从时空两个维度探讨中国荒漠类型自然保护区空间布局及其变化.结果表明,中国荒漠类型自然保护区的发展经历了起步期、快速发展期与稳定完善期,已形成一定的规模体系,但省域之间的分布不均衡,内蒙古与甘肃在数量与面积上均占优;近20 a来,保护区总体上呈东-西轴向分布,国家级保护区分布范围变化很小,省级保护区有向内蒙古东北部扩展趋势;核密度分析发现存在一个高密度区(内蒙古西部-宁夏)、两个中密度区(新疆西北部、甘肃西北部-青海),空间分布呈多核心集聚特征.

The standard deviation ellipse,kernel density and nearest neighbor index methods were used to discuss the spatial pattern and the changes in Chinese desert type nature reserves from spatial and temporal dimensions.The study showed that the development of desert type nature reserves in China had gone through the initial,the rapid development and the stable and perfect periods,and has formed a certain system,but the distribution was unbalanced among provinces,among which the Inner Mongolia and Gansu were superior in both quantity and area.In the past 20 years,the nature reserves were generally distributed in an east-west direction,the distribution range of national-level reserves changed little,and the provincial-level reserves were expanding to the northeast of Inner Mongolia.Nuclear density analysis revealed the existence of a high-density area(western Inner Mongolia-Ningxia),and two medium-density areas(northwestern Xinjiang and northwestern Gansu-Qinghai),and the spatial distribution showed multi-core clustering characteristics.