董仲舒的“不遇之遇”及其历史文化意义

Dong Zhongshu’s “Buyu Zhi Yu” and Its Historical and Cultural Significance

董仲舒的“不遇之遇”包含三层涵义:其一,“不遇”,主要指生不逢时,不能实现个人的理想抱负;其二,“遇”,指面临和把握历史机遇,并且在一定程度上实现自己的愿望;其三,“不遇”之“遇”,表示“不遇”之中也存在“遇”,同时兼指“不期而遇”。这三层涵义既相对独立,又相互蕴含。正是由于“不遇”,促使董仲舒在教育方面培养了大批人才,在学术上留下了不朽著作。他的“大一统”论对中国古代政治和历史发展产生了深远影响。由此可见,董仲舒之“不遇”,反而促成一种更大的“遇”,由“不遇”而成就了“不朽”。新时代的董学研究,应当传承董仲舒的治学精神,让董学思想精神融入时代精华之中,促进祖国统一、实现中华民族与中华文化的伟大复兴。

Dong Zhongshu’s“buyu zhi yu”contains three meanings.First,“buyu”means that one is born in the wrong times and is unable to fulfill his ideals and aspirations.Second,“yu”means that one can face and seize the historical opportunities to fulfill his aspirations to a certain extent.Third,“buyu zhi yu”indicates that there are opportunities in the wrong times when one is born and it also indicates the unexpected opportunities.These three meanings are relatively independent and contain each other.It was because of“buyu”that prompted Dong Zhongshu to cultivate a large number of talents in education and left immortal works in the academic field.His theory of“great unity”had a profound influence on the ancient political and historical development of China.It can be seen that although he was born in the wrong times,Dong Zhongshu seized the great historical opportunities and this made his immortal works possible.The study of Dong Zhongshu’s theory in the new era requires us to pass on his academic spirit,integrate his ideological spirit into the essence of the times so as to promote the reunification of our country and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and Chinese culture.