养老护理员参与居家养老服务影响因素的质性研究

Influencing factors of elderly care nurses′ participation in home-based elderly care services: a qualitative study

目的探究养老护理员参与居家养老服务的影响因素,为针对性地改善居家养老服务中的人力问题提供参考。方法采用质性研究中现象学研究方法,于2021年9—10月选取南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院老年科14名护理员进行半结构式深度访谈,运用Colaizzi现象学七步分析法对收集的资料进行分析,提炼主题。结果通过整理分析,提炼出4个主题及下属6个亚主题:语言行为因素(环境不适及生活习惯差异、自由受限)、心理情绪因素(心理压力大及孤独无助、不被尊重)、职业发展因素、社会保障因素(工作范围界定不明、事故责任划分不明及相关权益保障不足)。结论养老护理员参与老年人居家养老服务意向受多种因素影响,需准确识别这些因素,针对性予以支持措施,提高其参与居家养老服务的积极性,改善居家养老服务中的人力问题。

Objective To explore the factors that affect the participation of elderly care nurses in home-based elderly care services,in order to provide reference for the targeted improvement of human problems in home-based elderly care services.Methods The phenomenological research method of qualitative research was used to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews,on-site recordings and transcripts with 14 nurses in the geriatrics department of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical College from September to October,2021.The collected data were analyzed and the theme was refined by using the 7-step analysis method of Colaizzi phenomenology.Results Through sorting and analysis,four themes and six sub themes were extracted as follows:language behavior factors including environmental discomfort and differences in living habits,freedom was limited;psychological and emotional factors including high psychological pressure and loneliness,not respected;career development factors;social security factors including the definition of work scope is unclear,the division of responsibility for the accident was unclear and the protection of relevant rights and interests was insufficient.Conclusions The intention of elderly care nurses to participate in home-based elderly care services is affected by many factors.These factors need to be accurately identified and targeted support measures should be taken to improve their enthusiasm to participate in home-based elderly care services and improve the human problems in home-based elderly care services.