县域高中的学校阶层分割与学生的高等教育期待--基于粤东西北“县中塌陷”问题的调查

The School Socioeconomic Segregation and Students Higher Education Expectations in County Senior High Schools:A Social Survey in the Eastern,Western,and Northern Guangdong

本文引入社会分层视角,基于2022年开展的一项针对粤东西北“县中塌陷”问题的调查数据,探讨了县域高中学校的社会阶层分割现象及其对学生高等教育期待的影响。本文发现,第一,被调查区域的县域高中存在较为明显的阶层分割现象,即县域内高中集中了社会经济地位较低的学生,它可以从两个方面加以观察,一是县域内高中学校的平均社会经济地位较低,二是县域内高中学校学生的社会经济地位较为集中;第二,学校的阶层构成状况对学生的高等教育期待有着显著影响,当其他因素保持不变,学校的平均社会经济地位越低、学校的社会经济地位异质性越低,学生的高等教育期待也会越低。将学校阶层分割概念引入针对“县中塌陷”问题的讨论有着重要的理论和现实意义。

This study is based on a social survey conducted in the year 2022 of senior high school students in eastern,western,and northern Guangdong.It introduces the perspective of social stratification into the discussion of“County Senior High Schools Crisis”and examines the impact of school socioeconomic segregation on students higher education expectations.The data analysis suggests that there is an obvious socioeconomic segregation in county senior high schools surveyed.The mean socioeconomic status of county senior high schools surveyed is relatively low.The county senior high schools are less likely to have socioeconomically diverse school settings.The data analysis also suggests that school socioeconomic composition has a significant impact on students higher education expectations.Other factors remain constant,the lower the average socioeconomic status of the school and the lower the heterogeneity of the socioeconomic status of the school,the lower the student s higher education expectations.This paper points out that it is of great theoretical and practical significance to introduce the concept of school socioeconomic segregation into the discussion of the county senior high schools crisis.