新中国成立以来高等工程教育人才培养目标的演进特点及展望

The Evolution Characteristics and Prospect of Talents Training Objectives of Chinese Higher Engineering Education Since 1949

新中国成立以来,我国高等工程教育人才培养目标经历了“又红又专的专门工程人才”“德智体美全面发展的工程技术人才”“创新型卓越工程人才”三阶段的转变过程。回顾演进历程,培养目标的关键指向从外向模仿向扎根本土转变,目标的内容指向从单一工具目标向多维目标转变,目标的结构指向从服务工业基础建设向支撑产业升级转变。未来高等工程教育人才培养应扎根中国大地,构建集人本、科学、技术、生态于一体的内容系统,指向工业现代化、教育现代化和人的现代化,推进新时代国家现代化进程。

The talents training objectives of higher engineering education in China since 1949 have gone through three stages: special engineering talents with communist belief and professional skills, engineering and technical talents with comprehensive development of morality, intelligence, physique and aesthetic, and innovative and excellent engineering talents.Throughout the evolution process of higher engineering education talents training objectives, we can see that the core of talents training objectives has changed from imitation to chasing, the content system of talents training objectives has changed from a single tool objective to multidimensional objectives, and the purpose of talents training objectives has changed from serving industrial production to supporting industrial upgrading. Therefore, the future trend of talents training of Chinese higher engineering education is establishing talents training objectives in Chinese native land and a content system that integrates humanism, science, technology and ecology, and achieving national modernization by promoting industrial modernization, educational modernization and human modernization.