中国战略性关键矿产目录厘定

Determination of China’s Strategic and Critical Minerals List

关键矿产目录是各国制定国家资源安全战略和全球资源竞争策略的基础。我国是全球最大资源消费国、生产国和贸易国,满足新时期自然资源综合管理、确保我国能源资源安全,亟待建立一份符合中国国情和新时期国际形势的中国战略性关键矿产目录。本文根据我国所处发展阶段以及矿产资源的储量、生产、消费和贸易特征,提出了“战略性关键矿产”的概念,将其定义为对国家经济和国防安全至关重要、同时或者存在较大供应风险、或者对全球具有较强控制力、或对战略新兴产业发展不可或缺的矿产资源,并据此构建了定量为主结合定性分析的评价筛选模型,筛选出了包括21种短缺矿产和10种优势矿产在内的31种战略性关键矿产,建立了我国的战略性关键矿产目录。

The list of critical minerals forms the basis for countries to formulate national mineral resource security strategies and global mineral resources competition strategies.China is the largest mineral resource consumer,producer,and trading country in the world.To meet the requirements of integrated mineral resources management in the new era and ensure the security of China’s mineral resources,it is necessary to establish a list of China’s strategic and critical minerals in line with the country’s national conditions and the international situation in the new era.According to the development stage of our country and the characteristics of mineral reserves,production,consumption,and trade of mineral resources,this study proposes the concept of“strategic and critical minerals”,which is defined as mineral resources that are critical to national economy,defense,and security,or have greater supply risks,strong control over the world,or are indispensable to the development of strategic emerging industries.Accordingly,an assessment and screening model combining quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis was constructed,and 31 strategic and critical minerals,namely 21 shortage minerals and 10 dominant minerals,were screened,and a list of strategic and critical minerals in China was established.