类型化视角下国土空间生态治理与修复的规范构造

Normative Structure of Ecological G overnance and Restoration of National Territorial Space from the Perspective of Typification

国土空间生态治理与修复从政策规划到法律表达,不仅关乎治理与修复工作的规范化,更关乎国家治理能力现代化的转向。实现国土空间生态“统筹治理、一体化修复”,关键在于全面理解和规范表达生态整体主义理性。生态整体主义二元解释论释明:生态整体主义理性指向的“整体性”保护,涵盖了生态环境要素、生态系统功能等自然偏好与公众需求、社会发展等社会偏好两个维度的保护。规范表达的前提是首先对生态环境损害及其治理修复方式进行类型化区分,通过以损害结果为标准分为生态损害特殊预防、损害修复、整体治理及系统重建四种类型。在此基础上,建立起涵盖生态治理与修复多元主体协同规则、公众参与生态治理与修复规则、国土空间生态环境损害类型识别规则、不同类型生态损害的治理及修复实施规则的完整规范体系。

From policy planning to legal expression,ecological governance and restoration of neotional territorial space is not only related to the standardization of governance and restoration work,but also conducive to the modernization of national governance capabilities.The key to realizing the“integrated governance and integrated restoration”of the nat ional terrvtortal space ecology lies in a comprehensive understanding and standardized expression of ecological holism rationality.The dual interpretation theory of ecological holism explains that the“holistic”protection of ecological holism includes two dimensions of protection,namely,natural preference of ecological environment elements and ecosystem function and social preference of public demand and social development.On the premise of normative expression,ecological environmental damage and its treatment and restore methods should be cassified into four types:special prevention of ecological damage,damage restore,overall treatment and system reconstruction based on damage results.On this basis,a normative system has been established covering the coordination rules for multiple subjects of ecological governance and restoration,the rules for public participation in ecological governance and restoration,the identification rules for the types of ecological and environmental damage in national territorial space,and the implementation rules and regulations for the governance and restoration of different types of ecological damage.