玉米穗三叶与产量的相关和通径分析

Correlation and Path Analysis of Three Ear Leaves on Yield in Maize

通过对168份玉米杂交组合的穗三叶长、宽、面积与产量的相关性分析,探究各性状与玉米产量的相关性,为优良玉米品种的选育提供理论基础。结果表明,小区产量的变异系数较大,达到19.27%,穗三叶各性状的变异系数范围为6.34%~9.59%,变异程度相似。相关分析表明,小区产量与穗三叶各性状为正相关关系。通径分析中各性状对玉米产量的正向直接通径系数大小依次为穗上叶宽、穗上叶长、穗位叶面积、穗位叶长、穗下叶面积、穗下叶宽、穗下叶长、穗位叶宽、穗上叶面积,负向直接通径系数大小依次为穗下叶长、穗位叶宽、穗上叶面积。因此,增加穗三叶叶面积可以有效提高玉米产量,尤其是通过增加穗下叶宽和穗位叶长提高叶面积的玉米杂交种,更有利于产量的增加。

Through the correlation analysis of leaf length,width,area of three ear leaves and yield of 168 maize hybrid combinations,the correlations between each characteristic and maize yield were explored,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the breeding of excellent maize varieties.The results showed that,the variation coefficient of plot yield was large,which was 19.27%,the coefficients of variation of three ear leaves characteristics ranged from 6.34%to 9.59%,and the degrees of variation of each characteristic were similar.Correlation analysis showed that,there was a very significant positive correlation between plot yield and three ear leaves characteristics.In path analysis,the positive direct path coefficient of each characteristic on maize yield was as follows:upper ear leaf width,upper ear leaf length,ear leaf area,ear leaf length,lower ear leaf area,lower ear leaf width,lower ear leaf length,ear leaf width and upper ear leaf area,and the negative direct path coefficient was as follows:lower ear leaf length,ear leaf width and upper ear leaf area.Therefore,expanding the ear three leaves area could effectively improve the maize yield,especially the maize hybrids that increased the leaf area by increasing the leaf width under the ear and the leaf length at the ear position are more conducive to the increase of maize yield.