季节性冻土区铁路路基保温材料应用现状及展望

Status and Prospect of Thermal Insulation Materials Applied in Railway Subgrade in Seasonally Frozen Soil Regions

路基冻胀是冻土区铁路建设与运营的主要基础病害之一,保温是路基冻害防控的一种常用措施。在总结路基保温材料使用性能要求的基础上,综述目前无机类与有机类保温材料、超高性能绝热材料、相变材料、泡沫轻质土及泡沫混凝土等5大类19种保温材料的常规性能及改性或实用化工艺的发展现状。总结了目前我国铁路路基既有的保温方案及适用场景,提出了新建铁路与运营铁路保温方面存在的问题以及发展方向。最后,结合近年新型保温材料的技术优势及发展趋势,提出复合强化层等6种新型铁路路基保温方案,以期为铁路路基保温技术的创新和发展提供参考。

Subgrade frost heave is one of the main foundation diseases during railway construction and operation in cold regions,and the thermal insulation is a common measure to prevent and control subgrade frost heave damage.Based on summarizing the performance requirements of subgrade thermal insulation materials,this paper summarized the present status of conventional performance,modification or practical production technique of 5 categories and 19 kinds of thermal insulation materials,including inorganic materials,organic materials,ultra-high performance thermal insulation materials,phase change materials,foam lightweight soil and foam concrete.The existing thermal insulation schemes and applicable scenarios of railway subgrade in China were also summarized,the problems and development direction in the implementation of thermal insulation for new railways and thermal insulation reinforcement for operating railways were further proposed.Finally,based on the technical advantages and development trend of the new thermal insulation materials in recent years,six new thermal insulation schemes were proposed to provide reference for the innovation and development of railway subgrade.