大型水库水源地径流非点源污染综合监测技术研究

Comprehensive Monitoring Technology for Non-point Source Pollution of Water Source Runoff in Large Reservoirs

针对非点源污染分布性强、影响因素复杂、潜伏期长,导致监测困难的问题,提出以大型水库水源地径流非点源污染综合监测技术为研究课题。通过半分布式途径建立非点源负荷运算数学模型,按照土地使用种类划分区域并设置成单元,再依据各区域土壤特征赋予因子数值,利用富集系数得到吸附态氮、磷负荷总量;采用径流域负荷函数模型算出大型水库水源地径流域溶解态氮、磷负荷总量,将吸附态与溶解态得出氮、磷负荷总量叠加,即为非点源总负荷监测结果。实验结果表明,所提技术监测结果与实际负荷量基本相同,平均绝对误差极小,吻合度极高。

Aiming at the problems of strong distribution of non-point source pollution,complex influencing factors and long incubation period,which lead to difficult monitoring,this paper proposes a comprehensive monitoring technology for non-point source pollution of large-scale reservoir water source runoff as a research topic.A mathematical model of non-point source load is established through a semi-distributed approach.The areas are divided according to land use types and set into units,and then factor values are assigned according to the soil characteristics of each area.The enrichment coefficient is used to obtain the total amount of adsorbed nitrogen and phosphorus loads.The runoff load function model calculates the total dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus loads in the runoff of large reservoir water sources,and superimposes the total nitrogen and phosphorus loads from the adsorption state and the dissolved state,which is the non-point source total load monitoring result.The experimental results show that the monitoring results of the proposed technology are basically the same as the actual load,the mean absolute error is extremely small,and the agreement is extremely high.