气动腰部助力外骨骼在重复搬抬任务中对腰背疲劳的影响

Effect of Pneumatic Waist Assisted Exoskeleton on Lumbar and Back Fatigue During Repeated Lifting Tasks

为探讨辅助装置是否可以减少重复性搬抬任务期间下背部肌肉的活动或疲劳,开发了一种使用气动肌肉来减轻下背部压力的可穿戴动力辅助装置。记录受试者在15分钟内进行90次提升时竖脊肌的肌电图(胸椎第9椎和腰椎第3椎)、心率和Borg感知运动量表评分。结果发现,使用可穿戴式动力辅助装置进行搬抬前后,胸椎和腰椎竖脊肌的肌电波幅值分别增加32.45%和40.17%;不使用时则分别增加125.78%和85.90%。佩戴胸椎(2.72%vs7.45%)和腰椎(3.91%vs13.70%)竖脊肌辅助装置时,肌电图中位频率从提升开始到结束的下降幅度显著降低,心率和Borg量表评分的变化也显著下降(p<0.05)。结果表明,与不使用相比,使用可穿戴式动力辅助装置可减少背部肌肉收缩,这可能会减少整个搬抬过程中背部肌肉的疲劳程度。

This study is to investigate whether the auxiliary device can reduce lower back muscle activity or fatigue during repetitive lifting tasks.A wearable pneumatic muscle assisted device is developed to relieve lower back fatigues.Electromyography(T9 level of thoracic spine and L3 level of lumbar spine),heart rate and Borg Perceptual Motor Scale score were recorded during 90 elevations within 15 minutes.The results showed that the amplitude of EMG increased by 32.45%and 40.17%respectively in the thoracic and lumbar spine muscles before and after lifting with the wearable pneumatic muscle assisted device,while the increase ratio is 125.78%and 85.90%without using the device.When wearing the assisted devices of thoracic spine(2.72%vs 7.45%)and lumbar spine(3.91%vs 13.70%),the median frequency of EMG decreased significantly from the beginning to the end of the elevation,and the changes of heart rate and Borg score also decreased significantly(P<0.05).The results show that the use of wearable pneumatic muscle assisted device reduces back muscle contractions,which may reduce back muscle fatigue throughout the lifting process.