大蓟生品及炭品中多糖不同提取方法的比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Different Extraction Methods of Polysaccharides from Artichoke and Charcoal

目的:分别对大蓟生品、炭品使用多种不同提取方法,探寻其应用效果具体差异性。方法:从本地择取市售大蓟饮片生品共计100个、炭品共计100个当做实验标本,所有标本均接受水提醇沉法、醇提除杂法、超声辅助法、碱提醇法进行多糖提取。以各方法之间的多糖提取含量测定值差异性展开探析。结果:探索各方法之间的多糖提取含量测定值差异性,大蓟生品中,含糖量最高的为超声辅助法(P<0.05),其次为醇提除杂法、水提醇沉法、碱提醇法。大蓟炭品中,含糖量最高的为醇提除杂法(P<0.05),其次为超声辅助法、水提醇沉法、碱提醇法。使用超声辅助法进行多糖提取时,大蓟生品、炭品得到的含糖量基本相近(P>0.05),使用碱提醇法进行多糖提取时,大蓟炭品得到的含糖量比生品显著更高(P<0.05)。结论:对于大蓟生品来说,使用超声辅助法进行多糖提取的效果最佳、含量最高。对于大蓟炭品来说,使用醇提除杂法进行多糖提取的效果最佳、含量最高。

Objective:To explore the specific differences in the application effects of different extraction methods for artichoke raw and charcoal products.Methods:A total of 100 raw artichoke slices and 100 charcoal samples were selected from the local market as experimental samples.All samples were subjected to water extraction and alcohol precipitation,alcohol extraction and impurity removal,ultrasonic-assisted method,and alkali extraction and alcohol extraction for polysaccharide extraction.The difference of the measured value of polysaccharide extraction content among the methods was analyzed.Results:To explore the difference of the content of polysaccharides extracted by different methods,among the crude artichokes,the highest content of sugar was ultrasonic-assisted method(P<0.05),followed by alcohol extraction and impurity removal method,water extraction and alcohol precipitation method,and alkali extraction and alcohol method.Among the carbon products of artichoke,the highest sugar content is alcohol extraction and impurity removal method(P<0.05),followed by ultrasonic-assisted method,water extraction and alcohol precipitation method,and alkali extraction and alcohol method.When the ultrasonic-assisted method is used for polysaccharide extraction,the sugar content of the raw artichoke and the charcoal is basically similar(P>0.05).When the alkali extraction method is used for polysaccharide extraction,the sugar content of the charcoal artichoke is significantly higher than that of the raw artichoke(P<0.05).Conclusion:For the raw artichoke,the ultrasonic-assisted extraction method is the best and the highest content of polysaccharide.For artichoke charcoal,alcohol extraction and impurity removal method is the best way to extract polysaccharide and the highest content.