4个品种草莓大田育苗效果与气象因子的相关性分析

Correlation Between Seedling Cultivation Effects of Four Strawberry Varieties in Field and Meteorological Factors

为研究不同品种草莓大田育苗效果及与气象因子的相关性,通过描述性统计和LSD多重比较分析对浙江省慈溪市4个草莓品种进行大田育苗试验。结果表明,‘红颊’子苗植株最矮,叶片SPAD值最高,子苗数达114.0株/m^(2);‘梦晶’子苗叶片SPAD值最低,子苗数为90.3株/m^(2),但生长后期易发褐角斑病;‘越秀’的子苗生发能力与‘梦晶’接近,母株死亡率最高,更易感染炭疽病和褐角斑病;‘梦香’子苗形成最晚,子苗数仅为65.5株/m^(2)。匍匐茎生发能力‘红颊’>‘越秀’>‘梦晶’>‘梦香’,‘梦香’的匍匐茎发生比其他3个品种偏迟约20 d左右。随着外界气温升高,匍匐茎的数量在经历一个快速爆发的阶段后趋于稳定。随积温累加,匍匐茎生发的速率降低,子苗进入旺盛萌发阶段。降水量对匍匐茎生发起抑制作用,但可促进子苗生发速度,对‘梦晶’、‘越秀’的影响更显著,‘越秀’匍匐茎的生发需要相对凉爽和干燥的环境。

To study the correlations between seedling cultivation effect of different strawberry varieties and meteorological factors,a field experiment was conducted on four strawberry varieties in Cixi of Zhejiang Province by descriptive statistics and LSD multiple comparative analysis.The results showed that‘Hongjia’had the shortest seedlings and the highest SPAD value of leaves with the number of seedlings of 114.0 plants/m^(2).‘Mengjing’had the lowest SPAD value of leaves with the number of seedlings of 90.3 plants/m^(2),which was prone to brown angular leaf spot at the later stage of growth.‘Yuexiu’was close to‘Mengjing’in the capacity of seedling propagation,but the former had the highest mortality of mother plant and was more susceptible to anthracnoseandbrownangularleafspot.Theseedlingsof‘Mengxiang’formedthelatest,withonly 65.5plants/m^(2).In terms of the germination capacity of stolon,the four varieties were in an order of‘Hongjia’>‘Yuexiu’>‘Mengjing’>‘Mengxiang’,among which the stolon of‘Mengxiang’germinated about 20 days later than that of the other three varieties.In conclusion,the quantity of stolon stabilizes after a period of rapid outbreak with the rise of external temperature.The rate of stolon germination decreases and the seedlings enter the stage of flourishing germination with the accumulation of temperature.Although precipitation inhibits the germination of stolon,it can speed up the germination of seedlings,which has a more significant influence on‘Mengjing’and‘Yuexiu’.‘Yuexiu’requires a relatively cool and dry environment for the germination of its stolon.